According to some historical records, Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj died due to a sudden fever, possibly caused by dysentery or other illnesses. Others suggest that he may have suffered from an acute case of dysentery or tuberculosis. There are also some accounts that suggest that he may have been poisoned, although there is no concrete evidence to support this theory.
It is important to note that the historical records from this time period can be inconsistent and biased, and therefore it is difficult to determine the exact cause of his death with certainty. However, what is clear is that Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj's legacy as a visionary leader, military strategist, and champion of Hinduism and Maratha culture continues to inspire people to this day.